寿光教育云

一般现在时

1.表示现在的状态：        e.g.  He’s twelve.      She’s at work.

2.表经常或习惯性的动作：  e.g.  I get up at 6:30 every day.

                                  He reads English every morning.

3.表主语具备的性格和能力等：e.g.  She likes noodles.     They speak French.

4.普遍真理和自然规律：    e.g.  Two plus four is six.

                                  The moon goes around the earth.

1.be 动词的一般现在时的句式：

   J肯定句：主语+be+表语(n., adj.等)

      e.g. He is a worker.     You are thirteen.   They are in the classroom.

   J否定句：主语+be+ not+表语

     e.g. He is not a worker.    You aren’t thirteen.    They aren’t in the classroom.

   J一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?

      e.g. Is he a worker?   Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.

          Are you thirteen?   Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.   

          Are they in the classroom?  Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

   J特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?

      e.g. What is he?     What colour is that bird?   What day is it?

2.实义动词的一般现在时句式：

   肯定句：J主语（I/We/You/They/复数名词）+实义动词+其他

     e.g. I stay at home on Saturdays.        They  have sports every day.

           J主语（He/She/It/单数名词）+实义动词三单形式+其他

     e.g. He stays at home on Saturdays.       Lucy has sports every day.

   否定句：J主语（I/We/You/They）+do+ not+动词原形+其他

     e.g. I don’t stay at home on Saturdays.   They don’t have sports every day.

           J主语（He/She/It）+does +not+动词原形+其他

     e.g. He doesn’t stay at home on Saturdays.  Lucy doesn’t have sports every day.

一般疑问句：JDo+主语（I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？

     e.g. Do you stay at home on Saturdays?     Do they have sports every day?

            JDoes+主语（he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？

     e.g. Does he stay at home on Saturdays?    Does Lucy have sports every day?

特殊疑问句：疑问词+ do/does+主语+动词原形+其他？

e.g. What do you want?             What does she want?

   What time do you have lunch?    What time does she have lunch?

   What do you do?               What does she do?

   How do you spell it?             How does he spell it?

   How do you like Chinese food?    How does he like Chinese food?

   How many tomatoes do you want?  How many tomatoes does he want?

   How do you go to work?          How does your father go to work?

动词第三人称单数变化规则

1、大多数动词在词尾加s     

   如：stop--stops  ; make--makes

以s, x, ch, sh结尾加es   

   如：pass--passes; relax--relaxes ;teach--teaches; wash--washes

3、以辅音字母加y结尾的，要先将y变为i，加es

   如：fly--flies ； carry--carries ； study--studies

以o结尾加es

   如：go--goes;  do--does

5、不规则变化：have→has  be→is

用所给动词的正确形式填空：

1.There __ some milk in the bottle. (be)

2.Would you like something _________?(drink)

3.___she _______a book?      Yes, she is. (read)

4.___________it like that. (not do)

5.He_____________his homework at school. (not do)

6.Fang Ming _____________(not like )rice at all.

7.Do you like _______(ride) a bike?

8.We_____(go)to school at 7:30 in the morning .

9.Listen!Lucy ____________(sing )now.

10.Let me ____(help) you.

11.Where is Lily? She ___________(read) under the tree.

12.____Sam and Jim ______(make) a kite or a picture?

13.Don’t_______(worry)! Let me help you .

14.Can you _____(swim)?  Yes ,I can .

15.Bill speaks Japanese. He ________________(not speak)  Chinese.

可数名词变复数规则

 1.一般情况下加s

  例：friend→ friends ; cat→cats;  style→ styles; sport→sports; piece→pieces
2.以s、x、ch、sh 、z结尾加es  
  例：bus→buses; fox→foxes box→boxes; match→matches; flash→flashes；quiz→quizzes;
3、以辅音字母+y结尾的, 将y改变为i，再加-es

以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加s
  例： lady→ ladies;  story→ stories ;country→ countries  boy→ boys
4、以-o结尾的名词，英雄、土豆、西红柿 加-es，其他的一般加-s  
  例：hero →heroes ; potato →potatoes; tomato →tomatoes

  radio→radios; piano→pianos; photo→photos; zoo→zoos

5、以f或fe结尾的，一般将f或fe变为-ves
  例：knife→knives; life→lives; leaf→leaves ；scarf（围巾）→scarves
6、单复数同形
  例：Chinese 中国人；Japanese 日本人；deer; fish; sheep

7、不规则名词：
  例：man→men; woman→women; child→children; person→people;

foot →feet; tooth →teeth; goose →geese; mouse →mice
8、复合名词变复数，一般只把后面的名词变复数

例：a bus driver→bus drivers

以man或woman为前缀的复合名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数。

   例：woman doctor→women doctors, man waiter→men waiters.

现在进行时的构成
1现在进行时由"be+v-ing"构成。be与主语的人称和数保持一致。
2现在进行时的应用
(1)当句子中有now、 look、,listen 、this week, these days等时间状语，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。如:
They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。:
Listen! She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
(2)描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如:
Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。

动词加ing变化规则

一般情况下，直接加-ing   

   catch—catching，learn—learning，stand—standing，see—seeing

2．以一辅音加一不发音的-e结尾，去掉e加ing

  write—writing，hope—hoping，care—caring， have—having，save—saving

3、重读闭音节（在重读音节中，只有一个元音字母后接一个辅音字母），双写

   末尾辅音字母加ing

  stop--stopping , run--running,  get--getting , begin--beginning

4、以-ie结尾的,将ie变成y,再加-ing

   die—dying，tie—tying， lie—lying

序数词：

一二三特殊记（one--first 、two--second 、three--third）其余的th加后边;

八去t ，九去e ( eight—eighth、nine—ninth);

ve要用f替(five—fifth、twelve--twelfth);

见y变成ie，然后再加th (twenty—twentieth、thirty—thirtieth、forty--fortieth);

若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以（fifty-two—fifty-second）;